ЗНАЧЕННЯ ЗАЛІЗА В РАЦІОНІ ДОНОРІВ КРОВІ ТА ЇЇ КОМПОНЕНТІВ

Автор(и)

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.58407/bht.3.24.6

Ключові слова:

залізо, донори крові, добавки заліза, анемія, дієта, феритин, гемоглобін, засвоєння заліза

Анотація

Мета дослідження: Ця публікація є оглядовою статтею і присвячена важливості заліза в раціоні донорів крові, а саме ролі цього мікроелемента в організмі людини, впливу донорства крові на його рівень та рекомендаціям щодо добавок і харчування, щоб запобігти дефіциту цього елемента. В умовах зростання кількості донорів крові та впливу цієї процедури на їхнє здоров’я, інформація, представлена в цій статті на основі результатів досліджень багатьох авторів, має важливе значення для розробки ефективних дієтичних стратегій.

Методологія. Для отримати даних дляї статті було здійснено пошуки у базах даних PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science і Google Scholar. При цьому обиралися лише такі комбінації ключових слів, як «добавки заліза», «донори крові», «дефіцит заліза», «дієтичне залізо», «профілактика анемії», «рівень феритину». Здійснено обробку літератури за період 1970-2024 років. Крім того було використано результати досліджень, опубліковані в рецензованих наукових журналах. Усі використані статті спочатку оцінювалися на основі їх назв та анотацій. При виборі враховували таку інформацію, як характеристики дослідних груп, методи оцінки рівня заліза, результати та зареєстровані побічні ефекти. Ключові результати щодо ефективності добавок заліза, впливу дієти та моніторингу рівня заліза обговорювалися в контексті їхньої актуальності для донорів крові.

Наукова новизна. У цій статті запропоновано комплексний підхід до вивчення ролі заліза в раціоні донорів крові, поєднуючи результати останніх досліджень із практичними рекомендаціями щодо дієти та добавок. Представлені як біологічні, так і практичні аспекти, що є інноваційним підходом до обговорюваної теми, а також поєднано знання з різних галузей, таких як гематологія, дієтологія, біохімія та профілактична медицина, що дозволяє всебічно проаналізувати цю проблему. Інтеграція цих дисциплін веде до кращого розуміння впливу заліза на здоров'я донорів крові. Цей огляд базується на останніх клінічних дослідженнях і мета-аналізах, що забезпечує достовірність представлених даних. Аналіз результатів останніх досліджень дозволяє сформулювати більш актуальні та точні рекомендації щодо препаратів заліза. Запропоновано персоналізувати дієтичні рекомендації для донорів крові, враховуючи індивідуальні потреби цих людей та індивідуальні метаболічні відмінності. Індивідуальний підхід до дієти та добавок заліза може підвищити ефективність запобігання дефіциту заліза. Висвітлено профілактичні стратегії, такі як програми підтримки донорів крові, які повинні включати регулярний моніторинг рівня заліза, освітницькі програми щодо харчування та добавок, а також індивідуальні дієтичні втручання. Звернено увагу на необхідність довгострокового моніторингу ефектів добавок заліза, яким часто нехтують в короткострокових дослідженнях, а довгостроковий підхід дозволить надійно оцінити тривалість ефектів добавок і його вплив на здоров'я донорів крові.

Висновки. Залізо відіграє фундаментальну роль у підтримці здоров'я донорів крові. Цей елемент необхідний для продукції гемоглобіну, транспортування кисню та багатьох інших метаболічних функцій. Регулярна здача крові викликає значну втрату цього мікроелемента, що може призвести до його дефіциту та анемії при неправильному поповненні. Щоб компенсувати втрату заліза, донорам крові слід звернути особливу увагу на свій раціон. Продукти, багаті гемовим залізом, такі як м’ясо та риба, і негемовим залізом, такі як бобові та зелені листові овочі, повинні складати основу їхнього раціону. Додатково прийом вітаміну С під час їжі може збільшити засвоєння негемового заліза. Регулярний прийом препаратів заліза є ефективним методом профілактики дефіциту заліза у донорів крові. Клінічні дослідження показали, що добавки заліза покращують рівень гемоглобіну та феритину, знижуючи ризик анемії. Добавки повинні підбиратися індивідуально, і донорів слід регулярно контролювати щодо рівня цього елемента в організмі. Просвітницькі програми донорів крові щодо важливості регулярного моніторингу рівня заліза, профілактики анемії та відповідної дієти має вирішальне значення. Програми підтримки, які включають регулярний моніторинг рівня заліза, надання добавок і індивідуальні рекомендації щодо дієти, можуть значно покращити здоров’я донорів і їх здатність продовжувати донорство. Необхідні подальші дослідження, щоб визначити оптимальні стратегії додавання заліза та їх довгостроковий вплив на здоров’я донорів крові. Дослідження також мають бути зосереджені на індивідуальних відмінностях у метаболізмі даного елемента та на розробці персоналізованих дієтичних рекомендацій.

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Посилання

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30.12.2024

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Градюк M., Ткаченко H. ., & Кургалюк N. . (2024). ЗНАЧЕННЯ ЗАЛІЗА В РАЦІОНІ ДОНОРІВ КРОВІ ТА ЇЇ КОМПОНЕНТІВ. Biota. Human. Technology, (3), 85–126. https://doi.org/10.58407/bht.3.24.6

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