OPTIMIZATION OF ROAD TRANSPORTATION OF PETROLEUM PRODUCTS ACCORDING TO ENVIRONMENTAL CRITERIA

Abstract

Purpose of the work. The study addresses the problem of cargo volume allocation and the identification of the most environmentally efficient routes, taking into account the throughput capacity of railway loading stations and the minimum demand of each destination settlement. The risks associated with martial law conditions were considered, particularly the need to eliminate or minimize the accumulation of petroleum products at intermediate stages of transportation. The transported cargo is motor gasoline.

Methodology. The research is based on a systemic approach to the environmental and energy analysis of hazardous goods transportation by road and combines mathematical modeling with optimization methods. A linear programming transportation problem model is applied, enabling the optimization of cargo flow distribution between origin and destination points according to the criterion of minimizing pollutant emissions. The calculations were performed using engineering computation software, ensuring the reproducibility of results and allowing the model to be adapted to various operating conditions of road transport.

Scientific novelty. The scientific novelty of the study lies in improving the approach to assessing the environmental performance of hazardous goods transportation by road through the consideration of specific energy consumption for a particular transportation route, rather than using averaged indicators by direction or transport type. The proposed petroleum products supply model allows for a comprehensive assessment of the environmental impact of road transport while accounting for the specific risks associated with martial law conditions in Ukraine. Unlike existing approaches, the model is oriented toward practical application in planning real transport and logistics operations and can be adapted to different types of hazardous cargo and transportation conditions.

Conclusions. The results of the study demonstrate that the assessment of the environmental performance of road transportation should be based on specific energy consumption along the entire transportation route, which provides more objective results compared to the use of average statistical indicators. The proposed model makes it possible to identify environmentally justified routes for hazardous goods transportation by road, taking into account real vehicle operating conditions. Practical implementation of the developed approach contributes to reducing the negative environmental impact of road transport through the optimization of transport and logistics decisions. The obtained results can be used in further scientific research aimed at improving the environmental safety of transport systems.