SYNTHESIS AND PURIFICATION OF POLYMYXIN B SULFATE: TECHNOLOGICAL ASPECTS AND MODERN APPROACHES
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.58407/bht.3.25.20Keywords:
polymyxin B sulfate, Paenibacillus polymyxa, biosynthesis, purification, ion-exchange chromatographyAbstract
Purpose of the work. The purpose of the study is to summarize modern approaches to the synthesis and purification of polymyxin B sulfate, taking into account biotechnological, chromatographic, and membrane methods, as well as to determine the optimal technological solutions for increasing the yield, isomeric purity, and pharmaceutical stability of the drug. Particular attention is paid to the analysis of non-ribosomal biosynthesis processes, fermentation parameters, and a multi-stage polymyxin purification system.
Methodology. The work uses methods of analysis, synthesis, and systematization of scientific sources describing industrial processes for the production of polypeptide antibiotics. Patent and regulatory materials on the biosynthesis, purification, and quality control of polymyxin B were studied. A comparison of adsorption, ion exchange, gel filtration, and high-efficiency liquid chromatography purification technologies was carried out, and the possibilities of integrating membrane processes (ultra- and nanofiltration) to improve product purity and remove endotoxins were analyzed.
Scientific novelty. The work summarizes modern approaches to genetic optimization of Paenibacillus polymyxa strains, the influence of fed-batch fermentation modes, and the use of precursors to increase the active isomers B1 and B2. A cascade purification scheme is proposed, combining membrane, sorption, and RP-HPLC stages, ensuring the achievement of pharmacopoeial purity.
Conclusions. Effective production of polymyxin B sulfate requires a combination of biotechnological and physicochemical methods. Genetic improvement of P. polymyxa strains, optimization of fermentation parameters, and the use of membrane technologies contribute to increased product yield and purity. Further research aimed at reducing toxicity and improving purification processes opens up prospects for the creation of new safe therapeutic forms of the antibiotic.
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Copyright (c) 2025 Сергій Левченко, Антоніна Кустовська, Віталій Чумак , Олена Матвєєва , Ігор Трофімов, Євгеній Гетманський
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