INTENSITY OF LIPID PEROXIDATION PROCESSES IN CURB TISSUES UNDER THE INFLUENCE OF MYCOTOXIN T2
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.58407/bht.3.25.10Keywords:
common carp, T-2 toxin, lipid peroxidation, antioxidant enzymes, malondialdehyde, diene conjugates, oxidative stressAbstract
Purpose of the work. The study aimed to investigate the intensity of lipid peroxidation (LPO) processes in common carp (Carassius carassius) tissues under the influence of T-2 mycotoxin, one of the most toxic trichothecenes frequently found in fish feed.
Methodology. The 14-day experiment was conducted on two-year-old common carp weighing 200–300 g. Fish were divided into two groups: control and experimental, maintained under standard aquaculture conditions. The experimental group was exposed to T2 toxin at a concentration of 2.0 μg/L. At the end of the trial, liver, gill, brain, and skeletal muscle samples were collected for biochemical analysis. Lipid peroxidation was assessed by measuring malondialdehyde (MDA) and diene conjugates (DC), while antioxidant defense was evaluated through superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and glutathione peroxidase (GP) activities. Data were processed statistically using one-way ANOVA and Student’s t-test.
Scientific novelty. Exposure to T-2 toxin induced a significant activation of antioxidant enzymes, particularly in the liver, where SOD, CAT, and GP activities increased 1.5–1.7-fold (p<0.05). In gills, a notable increase in SOD and GP activity was observed, while in brain and skeletal muscles only a tendency to growth without statistical significance was recorded. Additionally, T-2 toxin exposure led to an accumulation of lipid peroxidation products: MDA levels rose by 70 % in liver and 47 % in gills, while DC increased by 45 % and 33 % respectively (p<0.05). These findings highlight the development of oxidative stress and organ-specific responses to toxin exposure.
Conclusions. T-2 toxin at 2.0 μg/L triggers enhanced lipid peroxidation and antioxidant defense activity in common carp, with the most pronounced alterations in the liver and gills. The organ-specific character of these changes underlines the sensitivity of biochemical markers of oxidative stress as indicators of toxic load in aquatic organisms. The results have practical importance for ecotoxicology and aquaculture, providing a basis for environmental monitoring, feed safety assessment, and preventive measures against mycotoxicosis in freshwater ecosystems.
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